← Unit 7 Guide

Slope Fields

The differential equation, made visible. Lesson 1 asked whether one function obeys the rule. This page draws that rule at every point in the plane — and lets you watch solutions flow through it, even when there's no formula to solve.
A differential equation gives a slope at every point. Plot a tiny segment at that slope on a grid of points and you get a slope field — a picture of the equation itself. A solution is then just a curve that stays tangent to the field everywhere it goes, like a leaf following a current. The payoff: you can sketch solutions straight from the field without ever solving the equation.

Drop a point, thread a curve

Pick an equation and the field draws itself — each crimson segment is the slope the equation demands there. Then click anywhere on the plot to release a solution: it threads through the field, forward and backward, staying tangent the whole way. Drop several to see the family. Pick an isocline slope to light up every point where the field has that slope.

the slope field (the equation) a solution you released isocline (your chosen slope)
isocline slope:
click or drag anywhere to release a solution
Pick an equation

Which equation drew this field?

Reading a field backward is the other half of the skill. Look at the pattern and ask: does the slope change as you move horizontally, vertically, or both? Where is it zero? Then pick the equation that produced it.

Which equation produced this slope field?

The ideas everything else builds on

The equation, drawn everywhere

The slope field is nothing more than f(x, y) evaluated across a grid — a short segment at each point, angled to the slope the equation gives there.

Solutions stay tangent

A solution curve matches the segment it sits on at every point. And because each point has one slope, solution curves of the same equation never cross.

No formula required

Even an equation with no elementary solution still has a field — so you can sketch how solutions behave without ever solving it.

Read the behavior

The field tells the story: where solutions are flat, where they rise or fall, and the equilibria they approach as x grows.

Your turn

Six checks on reading fields and the curves that flow through them. Try each before you reveal the worked answer.

Quick quiz

Six fast multiple-choice checks across the whole lesson. Pick an answer to see whether it's right and why — then work through all six.

Question 1 of 6
Score: 0 / 0

Common mistakes & exam tips

Letting solution curves cross

Each point has exactly one slope, so exactly one solution passes through it. Two distinct solution curves of the same equation can never cross — a crossing is an instant red flag on a sketch.

Reading value instead of slope

A segment shows the solution's slope there, not its height. The field doesn't tell you the y-value of any particular solution — only which direction it's heading.

Only checking the axes

It's tempting to read the field along the x- and y-axes and stop. The behavior that matters often lives in the interior — sample points away from the axes too.

Getting x vs y dependence backward

Identical segments down every vertical line means the slope depends only on x; identical along every horizontal line means it depends only on y. It's easy to flip these.

Drifting off the field

When you sketch a solution through a point, keep the curve tangent to the segments the whole way. Don't let it cut across them toward where you expect it to go.

Ignoring the equilibria

Constant solutions (where the slope is zero everywhere along a horizontal line) act like walls other solutions approach but never cross. Find them first — they organize the whole field.

On the AP exam

A slope field shows the current; the next lesson follows it in steps. Euler's Method approximates a solution by stepping along the field a little at a time — the very curve you threaded here. Or head back to the Unit 7 Guide.